- Get link
- Other Apps
Featured Post
- Get link
- Other Apps
Today we are going to talk about the first passage time problem. It is important in physical, biomedical science and economy.
In first passage time problem, we are interested in the quantity T(x; x0), the time it takes a particle to reach a point x from x0. However, due to the stochastic nature of the system, T(x; x0) is associated with a probability f(x,t), which denotes the probability that x is reached at time t. We need to solve the Fokker-Planck equation for P(x,t;x0,t0). We consider only 1D system for simplicity.
The boundary condition of the system looks like this:
A poor drunk (so he can't recognize the cliff) random walker is walking on a 1D line with a dangerous cliff at x = x_{end} and reflecting boundary condition at x=0.
We denote the probability that the dangerous cliff is not reached at time t as S(x0, t), the survival probability. From basic probability theory, the following 3 equation is obtainable:
The function f is difficult to obtain. However, the moment of arrival time T is much more easier. From integration by parts, we could write:
Now assume that our drunk random walker is move under a constant biased force f toward the negative side (perhaps we hope the drunk random walker to live longer!), the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation is:
The quantity we are interested in is
Considering the integration domain, an easier way to obtain the answer is to transform our original Fokker-Planck equation into its Kolmogorov backward equation:
Integrate the Kolmogorov backward equation with respect to x domain and t domain give rise to the following:
This ODE is not difficult to solve. The solution becomes
A simple computer simulation program could verify the result:
/*------MATLAB code------*/
In first passage time problem, we are interested in the quantity T(x; x0), the time it takes a particle to reach a point x from x0. However, due to the stochastic nature of the system, T(x; x0) is associated with a probability f(x,t), which denotes the probability that x is reached at time t. We need to solve the Fokker-Planck equation for P(x,t;x0,t0). We consider only 1D system for simplicity.
The boundary condition of the system looks like this:
A poor drunk (so he can't recognize the cliff) random walker is walking on a 1D line with a dangerous cliff at x = x_{end} and reflecting boundary condition at x=0.
We denote the probability that the dangerous cliff is not reached at time t as S(x0, t), the survival probability. From basic probability theory, the following 3 equation is obtainable:
The function f is difficult to obtain. However, the moment of arrival time T is much more easier. From integration by parts, we could write:
Now assume that our drunk random walker is move under a constant biased force f toward the negative side (perhaps we hope the drunk random walker to live longer!), the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation is:
The quantity we are interested in is
Considering the integration domain, an easier way to obtain the answer is to transform our original Fokker-Planck equation into its Kolmogorov backward equation:
Integrate the Kolmogorov backward equation with respect to x domain and t domain give rise to the following:
This ODE is not difficult to solve. The solution becomes
A simple computer simulation program could verify the result:
/*------MATLAB code------*/
%% basic setting
r = 5E-9; eta = 8.90E-4;
zeta = 6*pi*eta*r;
kB = 1.38E-23;
syms x;
dt = 1E-10;
n_sim = 5E6;
T =1800; A =
sqrt(2*zeta*kB*T*dt);
D = kB*T/zeta;
f = 1E-11;
x_end = 9E-9;
%%
n_round = 1000;
total_data = zeros(1,8);
for x0 =
1E-9:1E-9:8E-9
time_get = zeros(1, n_round);
for j = 1:1:n_round
x_total = zeros(1, n_sim);
x_total(1)=x0;
for i = 2:1:n_sim
x_old = x_total(i-1);
x_total(i) = x_old +
1/zeta*(-dt*f+A*randn(1,1));
if x_total(i) <0
x_total(i) = - x_total(i);
end
if x_total(i)>=x_end
time_get(j) = i*dt;
break
end
end
display(j);
end
total_data(int8(x0/1E-9))=mean(time_get);
end
%theoretical
x0 = 1E-9:1E-9:8E-9
tau_theo =
zeta^2*D/f^2*(exp(f*x_end/(zeta*D))-exp(f*x0/(zeta*D))+zeta/f*(x0 - x_end));
figure
scatter(x0, total_data);hold
on;
plot(x0, tau_theo,'LineWidth',2);
xlabel('x_0','FontWeight','bold','FontSize',14);
ylabel('\tau','FontWeight','bold','FontSize',14);
set(gca,'FontSize',14);
computer simulation
first passage time problem
Fokker-Planck equation
partial differential equation
probability
probability distribution
statistics
- Get link
- Other Apps
Comments
Casino Online: What is the Best Casino Online in India?
ReplyDeleteCasino online is one of the top https://access777.com/ types of 출장샵 gambling https://septcasino.com/review/merit-casino/ games to enjoy. If you enjoy casino games, we can herzamanindir.com/ help you to win big.